Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable development goals.

 

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PAPER 1: UNIT IX

People, Development and Environment

 Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable development goals.

 

Sustainable Development is the development which meets the needs of the present without disturbing the future generations to meet their own needs. It is based on the three pillars of sustainability: economic, environmental and social sustainability.

There are 5 keys objectives: People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace & Partnership.

In the year 2000 at the UN Headquarters in New York, Millennium Summit was held were eight development goals known as “Millennium Development Goals” (MDGs) were taken upon till the year 2015. The targets were mainly achieved across the countries and it was required to start afresh plan in the world beyond 2015. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with 17 goals, 169 targets. It came into force from 1 January 2016, have 2030 as their deadline to achieve the target.

The SDG India Index 2019-20, developed by NITI Aayog, was launched on December 30th, 2019.

 

The Index has been constructed spanning across 16 out of 17 SDGs with a qualitative assessment on SDG 17. It tracks the progress of all the States and Union Territories (UTs) on a set of 100 National Indicators derived from the National Indicator Framework, measuring their progress on the outcomes of interventions and schemes of the Government of India.

 

The SDG India Index 2019-20 is intended to provide a holistic view on the social, economic and environmental status of the country and its States and UTs. It has been designed to provide an aggregate assessment of the performance of all Indian States and UTs, and to help leaders and change makers evaluate their performance on social, economic and environmental parameters.

17teen Sustainable Development Goals:

 

 

 

 

 

The Index will be useful to States/UTs in assessing their progress on the SDGs in the following ways:

·        Support States/UTs to assess their progress against national targets and performance of their peers to understand reasons for differential performance and devise better strategies to achieve the SDGs by 2030. 

·        Support States/UTs to identify priority areas in which they need to invest and improve by enabling them to measure incremental progress. 

·        Highlight data gaps related across SDGs for India to develop its statistical systems at the national and State levels.

The sustainable development goal (SDGs) aim is to eradicate poverty and promote prosperity into a changing world with the motto of “Sabka Saath Sabka Vikash”.The flagship programme of Government like Swachh Bharat Mission, Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna, Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojna, Skill India etc. highlight the Government’s commitment for the development that it reaches to all its citizens.

SDG India Index scores within each Goal, leading States/UT’s can be identified under each goal

1. No poverty – Tamil Nadu and Puducherry

2. Zero hunger – Goa and Delhi

3. Good health and well-being – Kerala and Puducherry

4. Quality education – Kerala

5. Gender equality – Kerala, Sikkim and Andaman & Nicobar Islands

6. Clean water and sanitation – Gujarat, Chandigarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Lakshadweep

7. Affordable and clean energy – Tamil Nadu and Chandigarh

8. Decent work and economic growth – Goa and Daman & Diu

9. Industry innovation and infrastructure – Manipur, Delhi and Puducherry

10. Reduced inequality – Meghalaya, Mizoram, Telangana, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu and Lakshadweep

11. Sustainable cities and communities – Goa and Andaman & Nicobar Islands

12. Life on land – Assam, Chattisgarh, Goa, Manipur, Odisha, Uttarakhand, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Lakshadweep

13. Peace, justice and strong institutions – Himachal Pradesh and Puducherry

*Source: SDG India Index, Baseline Report 2018

To achieve the deadline of 2030, the United Nations has introduced many initiatives so that it could be more effective, organized and accountable.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) main aims are to bring change in the lives of people and to monitor the progress of implementation which at the end will benefit the whole nation.

The commitment of the Government of India to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be realised only if actions at the national level are complemented by initiatives of the State Governments and the Union Territories (UTs). It is necessitated by the federal governance structure of the country, where most of the functions that have a bearing on SDGs are in the State or Concurrent

 List of the VII Schedule of the Constitution of India. Therefore, the State governments have the prime responsibility in achieving SDGs and are essential stakeholders in implementing the Agenda 2030.