Competition Coaching Centre Siliguri
& Gangtok
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PAPER 1: UNIT IX
People, Development and Environment
Development and environment: Millennium
development and Sustainable development goals.
Sustainable Development is the development which meets
the needs of the present without disturbing the future generations to meet
their own needs. It is based on the three pillars of
sustainability: economic, environmental and social sustainability.
There are 5 keys objectives: People, Planet,
Prosperity, Peace & Partnership.
In the year 2000 at the UN Headquarters in
New York, Millennium Summit was held were eight development goals known as
“Millennium Development Goals” (MDGs) were taken upon till the year
2015. The targets were mainly achieved across the countries and it was required
to start afresh plan in the world beyond 2015. Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) with 17 goals, 169 targets. It came into force
from 1 January 2016, have 2030 as their deadline to achieve the target.
The SDG India
Index 2019-20, developed by NITI Aayog, was launched on December 30th, 2019.
The Index has
been constructed spanning across 16 out of 17 SDGs with a qualitative
assessment on SDG 17. It tracks the progress of all the States and Union
Territories (UTs) on a set of 100 National Indicators derived from the National
Indicator Framework, measuring their progress on the outcomes of interventions
and schemes of the Government of India.
The SDG India
Index 2019-20 is intended to provide a holistic view on the social, economic
and environmental status of the country and its States and UTs. It has been
designed to provide an aggregate assessment of the performance of all Indian
States and UTs, and to help leaders and change makers evaluate their
performance on social, economic and environmental parameters.
17teen Sustainable Development Goals:
The Index will be useful to States/UTs
in assessing their progress on the SDGs in the following ways:
·
Support
States/UTs to assess their progress against national targets and performance of
their peers to understand reasons for differential performance and devise
better strategies to achieve the SDGs by 2030.
·
Support
States/UTs to identify priority areas in which they need to invest and improve
by enabling them to measure incremental progress.
·
Highlight
data gaps related across SDGs for India to develop its statistical systems at
the national and State levels.
The sustainable development goal (SDGs) aim
is to eradicate poverty and promote prosperity into a changing world with the
motto of “Sabka Saath Sabka Vikash”.The flagship programme of Government like
Swachh Bharat Mission, Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna,
Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojna, Skill India etc. highlight the Government’s
commitment for the development that it reaches to all its citizens.
SDG India Index scores within each Goal, leading
States/UT’s can be identified under each goal
1. No poverty – Tamil Nadu and Puducherry
2. Zero hunger – Goa and Delhi
3. Good health and well-being – Kerala and Puducherry
4. Quality education – Kerala
5. Gender equality – Kerala, Sikkim and Andaman &
Nicobar Islands
6. Clean water and sanitation
– Gujarat, Chandigarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Lakshadweep
7. Affordable and clean energy – Tamil Nadu and
Chandigarh
8. Decent work and economic growth – Goa and Daman
& Diu
9. Industry innovation and infrastructure – Manipur,
Delhi and Puducherry
10. Reduced inequality – Meghalaya, Mizoram,
Telangana, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu and Lakshadweep
11. Sustainable cities and communities – Goa and
Andaman & Nicobar Islands
12. Life on land – Assam, Chattisgarh, Goa, Manipur,
Odisha, Uttarakhand, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Lakshadweep
13. Peace, justice and strong institutions – Himachal
Pradesh and Puducherry
*Source: SDG India Index, Baseline Report
2018
To achieve the deadline of 2030, the
United Nations has introduced many initiatives so that it could be more
effective, organized and accountable.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) main aims are
to bring change in the lives of people and to monitor the progress of
implementation which at the end will benefit the whole nation.
The commitment of the Government of India to achieving
the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be realised only if actions at the
national level are complemented by initiatives of the State Governments and the
Union Territories (UTs). It is necessitated by the federal governance structure
of the country, where most of the functions that have a bearing on SDGs are in
the State or Concurrent
List of the VII Schedule of the Constitution
of India. Therefore, the State governments have the prime responsibility in
achieving SDGs and are essential stakeholders in implementing the Agenda 2030.
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