Learner’s
characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic,
Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.
Learner’s characteristics are many such as personal,
academic, social/emotional and/or cognitive in nature.
Personal characteristics
can be defined as demographic information about the learner such as age,
gender, cultural background, maturation, language, social economic status and
specific needs of a learner group such as particular skills and disabilities
for and/or impairments to learning.
Academics characteristics
of respondents including the education type, education level, and knowledge.
The learner has social/emotional characteristics.
Cognitive characteristics
of learner can be described such as memory, mental pressure, solve problems,
intellectual skill, remembers, organizes and store information in the brain.
Learners characteristics:
Ø Good
learners are curious
Ø Carefully
understanding
Ø Social
and Personal quality-
Ø Growth
and development
Ø Willingness
to learn
Ø Interests
and attitude of learner
Ø Easily
Adjustment to Change
Ø Internal
Motivation
Ø Social-cultural
background
Ø Learning
power
Ø Nervousness
Ø Application
of mind & Creativity
Factors
affecting teaching related to: Teacher, Learner, Support material,
Instructional facilities, Learning environment and Institution.
Teacher –Teacher – Teacher plays and
important role in the teaching-learning process as facilitator of learning. By
adopting the best teaching techniques and efficient methods a teach could
explore the right talent of the learners to help them towards quality learning
process.
Educational Qualification
– Learning of different subjects and area can provide highly valued instruction
which can effect than one who with only general degree. If you compare the
teacher who has M. Ed or Ph.D you will be able to identify the different ways
of thinking and imparting knowledge to students.
Skills –
‘Teaching Talent’ is different psychology. One who has higher degree can’t
assure he has right instinct and can teach in better way than others. teaching
skill is all about you connect with students; it depends on the method of
teaching you apply, your way of explanation and engagement with students in the
class room.
Ø Teacher
need to have mastery of following skill –
Ø Communication
skills for better involvement and engagement
Ø Use
of teaching aids effectively
Ø Selection
of teaching method appropriately
Ø Passion
for teaching
Ø Human
relation skills to act as best guide or mentor
Experience –
its well-known fact that it’s easy to become teacher after fulfilling the
criteria but they actually become ‘Master’ with their experience. High
Qualification may give teachers edge in terms of understanding the different
topics or complex formula but it’s the experience in the classroom which helps
you to learn and employ better methods to effect learning of students. This is
also required to handle different mindset of different students in the
class-room.
Subject matter
– Many time teachers has been assigned a subject in which he is not specialized
and he himself not in better position to help learners in effective way …so the
passion towards the subject and SME is also key factor that impact learning of
students. For example, this is very rare chance that Arts Teacher can give good
learning experience in subjects related to science.
Learner –
Learning is most effective when the differences in learner’s language, cultural
and social behaviors are taken into account, its necessary to take note of
intelligence, ethnic group, race, belief and socioeconomic status of the
learners which can influence the teaching in the class room. Every individual
is different with others in the terms of physical, social and cultural
orientation; these aspects make learner different from one another.
Environment and other
factors –
Support materials
– Teacher Support system is set of tools that will improve student’s
achievement by improving the capacity of teachers. Different teaching Aid and
Support System influences the way decision are made and information is passed
to students. Its help to analyze the area in which students are under
performing. This also helps teachers to gain new skill to increase student
learning by use of effective strategies. This is vast area which included many
sub section to be worked upon by teacher to improve overall learning process
through effective use of tools, assessment methods and professional
development.
Ø Student
assessments and scores
Ø Teaching
Strategies and lesson plans
Ø Standards
and benchmark
Ø Effective
use of traditional, modern and ICT based tools
Instructional facilities:
Teaching Aids – Teaching aids are an integral component in any classroom. The
many benefits of teaching aids include helping learners improve reading comprehension
skills, illustrating or reinforcing a skill or concept, differentiating
instruction and relieving anxiety or boredom by presenting information in a new
and exciting way.
Learning environment Class-room
environments –
Ø Class
room environment plays important role in learning process and it effects both
teacher and learner. While this is to be maintained by both by teacher and
students. For active participation in education, concentration of students is
required. Teacher need to focus of behavior of students along with other
factors to improve the class-room environment so that students listen teachers’
voice while interacting with students.
Ø Socio-economic
factor – Economic and social background of teacher and students also affect
learning curve. It has direct and indirect effects on thinking level of
students and teacher both. Various study of teaching has pointed poor and rich
student classify economically and these factor has influence on their learning
speed. On other side if teacher is less paid in terms of salary this also
impact his thinking level and ways of teaching in the classroom.
Ø Expectations
– Every parents have some sort of expectation with his ward in terms of what
and where they want to see their children. this has psychological impact on
students causing stress and impairments. It often seen that if student is not
able to perform mentally it create depression and sometime leads to life
failure. That’s the reason parent’s involvement in the learning process in
important to ease out burden on students and helping them to improve learning
as over all.
Institution – Teacher is
abiding by administrative policy of the institution effecting the learning
process. There are chances that Teacher want to deliver in a way he loves to do
but the institute policy don’t allow him to use his own method. This leads to
dissatisfaction in teacher causing learning process to slow down. It should not
be the case that teacher should allow the way they want but effective planning
of lesson and consultation to improve learning path is required in line with
the institute policy.
QUESTIONS
1. A teacher has to teach a class of students who are
busy talking among themselves. He/ She should: A) Start teaching and hope the
students will listen. B) Call for attention and wait until the
students are ready to listen C) Teach to the few students sitting in
front D) Express displeasure and go
out of the class.
2.
A few students in your class are exceptionally bright, you will
teach them– (A) Along with the class (B) Along with higher classes (C) By using Enriched programmes (D) Only when they want.
3.
It is said that teacher should be resourceful, This means
that–
(A) He should have enough money and property so that he may not have to take up
tuitions
(B) He should have contacts with high authorities so that he may not be
harmed
(C) He should have adequate
knowledge so that he may be able to solve the problems of students
(D) He should have good reputation among students so that authorities may not
be able to take any punitive measure against him.
4. Effectiveness
of teaching has to be judged in terms of
: A) Course coverage B)
Student’s interest C) Learning outcomes of student D) Use of teaching aids in the classroom
5. One
of the most powerful affecting teaching effectiveness is related to the : A) Social
system of the country B) Economic
status of the society C) Prevailing political system D)
Educational system
6.
As a teacher, select the best option to
ensure your effective presence in the classroom :
A)
Use of peer command B) Making
aggressive statements C) Adoption of well-
established posture D) Being
authoritarian
7. Greater the handicap of the students coming to the educational
institutions, greater demand on the A)
State B) Family C) Society
D) Teacher
8. Which of the following statements about teaching aids are correct?
1. They help in retaining concepts for longer duration. 2. They help students learn better.
3. They make teaching
learning process interesting. 4. They
enhance rote learning.
A) 1,2,3 and 4 B) 1, 2 and 3
C) 2, 3 and 4 D) 1, 2
and 4
9. Techniques used by a
teacher to teach include
1, Lecture 2. Interactive lecture
3. Group work 4. Self study
Select the correct answer
from the codes given below
A) 1, 2 and 3 B)
1, 2, 3 and 4
C) 2, 3 and 4 D) 1, 2 and 4
10. A good teacher is one
who A) gives useful information B) explains concepts and principles C) gives
printed notes to students D) inspires students to learn
11. Maximum participation of students during teaching is possible
through
A) lecture method B) demonstration method
C) inductive method D) textbook method
12. Instructional aides are used by the teacher to
A) glorify the class B) attract the students
C) clarify the concepts D)
ensure discipline
13. Which one of the following is considered a sign of motivated
teaching?
A) Students asking question
B) Maximum attendance of the students
C) Pin drop silence in
the classroom D) Students taking
notes.
14.
What should be the role
of teacher in meeting the individual differences?
(A) Try to know the abilities, interest and aptitude of individuals (B)
Try to adjust the curriculum as per the needs of individuals (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
15. The following are some of the ways of
teaching-learning: (a) Pupil’s activity (b) Demonstration (c) Lecture (d)
Dictation of notes (e) Memorizing answers of probable questions (f) Discussion
(g) Reading of text Books Which of the
following combinations is likely to produce best communication?
A) (c)(b)(a)(f) B) (c)(g)(e)(f) C) (b)(d)(e)(g
) D) (c)(d)(e)(a)
16. A)provide information to students
B) promote self-learning in students C) Encourage healthy competition
among students D) Promote self-learning
in students.
17.
Which of the
following is NOT a sign of 'being gifted' ?
a.Curiosity
b.Creativity
c.Poor relationship with peers d.Interest in extra reading
18.
An intelligent student is not doing well in studies. What is the
best course of the action for the teacher?
(a) Wait till he performs better (b Find
out reason for his under achievement (c) Give him grace marks in the
examination (d) Ask his parents to withdraw from school.
19. Which of the following are essential for a head of an
institution to manage his job efficiently and effectively? Choose the answer
using the Codes given below: A) Professional qualification in Teacher
Education. B) Post-graduate qualification in a discipline C) Familiarity with
the socio-political situation in the locality D) Soft-skills training E) Good Communication
skills: ( a) B C D
E (b) A B C E (c) A
C D E ( d)
A B D E.
20. The best method to study growth
and development of the child is– (a) Psychoanalytic Method (b) Comparative
Method (c) Developmental Method
(d) Statistical Method
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